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原文期刊：?the guardian《卫报》

原文标题：

?the guardian view on critics: thin-skinned artists beware



这篇文章来历2021.04.26 the guardian《卫报》the guardian view on critics: thin-skinned artists beware（《卫报》看谈论家：易怒的艺术家要留心）。主题：艺术家和谈论家之争历来就有，但谈论家可宣告独立谈论且具有专业常识和经历，其重要性在网络年代有增无减，应鼓舞其存在。

条理:

引出论题（第一段）——分析论题（第二至五段）——总结论题（第六段）。



part 1

原文



i? ? ? critics who don’t themselves make music “should be unemployed”, the american rapper lizzo tweeted to her 222,000 followers this week. the star was reacting angrily to an unflattering, though far from hostile, review ?of her new album. the battle between offended artist and critic is a well-established one. though the medium has changed, lizzo’s message was a striking echo of a furious telegram ?displayed in a new british library exhibition. its sender, the playwright john osborne, complained that a reviewer did not understand creation.



ii? ? ?but lizzo was wrong about this. publishers, studios and artists have always been publicists as well as creators. independent voices offer a crucial counterweight. critics help people determine which music, tv, books and plays to spend their time and money on, and to make the most of those choices. the internet has made it easier to sample culture, while social media has vastly increased the range of word of mouth. but in our age of algorithmically generated recommendations, this curatorial role has arguably become more important.



iii? ?judgments, whether of opera or soap opera, are subjective. what is considered beautiful or interesting depends on perspective. but knowledge and experience, whether of folk music or science fiction, matter. a person who has been reading poetry for decades, or has seen a play many times, will be able to tell you things about a new poem or performance that others can’t—even, sometimes, their creators.



iv? ? disagreement is healthy. artists are free to take issue with critics. the internet was supposed to make this whole process more democratic and open, since comment threads and websites could publish far more opinions than the printed pages of old. the wisdom of the crowd, in all its diversity, would enhance that of the traditional gatekeepers.



v? ? ?this partly worked. it is much easier to access a range of views than it used to be. lively arguments about talked-about shows can quickly spread. but social media also provides a plat

form for performers to reveal their thin skins, or for armies of fans to descend upon anyone who dares to dislike a favoured star or film. justin bieber’s outburst this week, after he was criticised on a talk show for lip synching in an appearance at the coachella festival, suggested an alarming degree of sensitivity.



vi? ? the malevolent critic, motivated by envy of creativity, is a tired trope kept alive for the benefit of the artists it flatters. true, reviewers can be gratuitously mean. criticism is the exercise of judgment, and this applies to what is said but also how and to whom; as a rule, novices should be treated more gently. yet performers and others who resent harsh words should be careful what they wish for. critics are part of the proof that culture matters.



part 2

词汇短语

1.?critic ?[?kr?t?k]?n. 批判家，谈论家

2.?unflattering ?[?n?fl?t?r??]?a. 不恭维的

3.?review ?[r??vju?]?n. 谈论

4.?counterweight ?[?ka?nt?we?t]?n. 抗衡

5.?sample ?[?sɑ?mpl]?v. 领会

6.?word of mouth口碑

7.?take issue with初步与或人争论

8.?wisdom of the crowd 集体才智

9.?thin skin薄脸皮，活络

10.?curatorial ?[,kj?r?'tor??l]?a. 监管人的

11.?malevolent ?[m??lev?l?nt]?a. 凶狠的

12.?tired trope ?n. 传统观念，陈词滥调

13.?gratuitously [ɡr??tju??t?sli]?ad. 平白无故地?



part 3

翻译点评

i? ? ?critics who don’t themselves make music “should be unemployed”, the american rapper lizzo tweeted to her 222,000 followers this week. the star was reacting angrily to an unflattering, though far from hostile, review ?of her new album. the battle between offended artist and critic is a well-established one. though the medium has changed, lizzo’s message was a striking echo of a furious telegram ?displayed in a new british library exhibition. its sender, the playwright john osborne, complained that a reviewer did not understand creation.



[翻译]?本周，美国说歌唱手利佐向其22.2万粉丝发推文说，本身不创造音乐的谈论家们“大约赋闲”。这位明星是在愤恨反击对其新专辑的一篇非恭维性谈论，尽管这一谈论远非怀有歹意。被触怒的艺术家与谈论家之间的战争由来已久。尽管前言现已改动，但利佐的推文与英国图书馆迩来展出的一封言辞剧烈的旧日电报惊人地类似。电报的宣告者，剧作家约翰·奥斯本，其时是在诉苦某位谈论家根柢不理解创造。



[点评]?作业点题：尽管前言在变，但艺术家与谈论家的仇视一向存在。



首要逻辑联接：先以新近作业“美国歌手发文反击谈论家批判”点明论题“艺术家与谈论家之战”，再以前史作业“英国剧作家在电报中诉苦谈论家”阐明二者仇视自古有之。the battle点明艺术家与谈论家之仇视联络，a well-established one凸显该仇视由来已久。



中心要害词：battle



ii? ? ??but lizzo was wrong about this. publishers, studios and artists have always been publicists as well as creators. independent voices offer a crucial counterweight. critics help people determine which music, tv, books and plays to spend their time and money on, and to make the most of those choices. the internet has made it easier to sample culture, while social media has vastly increased the range of word of mouth. but in our age of algorithmically generated recommendations, this curatorial role has arguably become more important.



[翻译】但利佐在此事上的做法是差错的。一向以来，出书商、影片公司和艺术家都既是创造者又是宣传者。独立的声响则是一种至关重要的抗衡力气。谈论家协助我们就“把时刻和金钱花在哪些音乐、电视、书本或戏曲上”做出抉择，并 他们从中获得最大的收益。互联网已使稳当会文明更易行，一起交际媒体已极大地拓宽了口碑的可及规模。但在咱们这个算法生成举荐的年代，（谈论家）这一监护人人物可以说已变得愈发重要。



[点评]作者观念一：谈论家在互联网年代的重要性有增无减。



首要逻辑联接：期间全体以independent voices offer...critics help... this curatorial role...论说谈论家的重要方位。首句but引出作者谈论；第二至四句以“艺术家（既是创造者又是宣传者）vs谈论家（具有独立性）”比照阐明，谈论家可协助群众选择作品；末两句进一步指出，在算法举荐的互联网年代，谈论家的这种专业评议人物愈发重要。



中心要害词：more important



iii? ? ?judgments, whether of opera or soap opera, are subjective. what is considered beautiful or interesting depends on perspective. but knowledge and experience, whether of folk music or science fiction, matter. a person who has been reading poetry for decades, or has seen a play many times, will be able to tell you things about a new poem or performance that others can’t—even, sometimes, their creators.



[翻译]评价（不管是对歌剧仍是对番笕剧）都是片面的。“啥会被认为是夸姣或是风趣的”取决于（谈论者的）视角。但常识和经历（不管是关于民间音乐仍是科幻小说）意义严峻。一个已读诗数十年或是已看一部剧多次的人，将可以告诉你一首新诗或一场表演中别人——有时甚至是创造者——无法告诉你的东西。



[点评]指出谈论家一起价值：常识和经历。



首要逻辑联接：judgments紧承上段末句，深化阐释评议进程：先指出因各人视角(perspective)不一样，谈论不免片面，再以but转机偏重谈论家私备的常识和经历联络严峻。末句tell you things about a new poem or performance具体阐明常识与经历的作用，破折号后标明谈论家对作品的晓得甚至可胜过艺术家，杰出谈论家价值。



中心要害词：knowledge and experience





iv? ? disagreement is healthy. artists are free to take issue with critics. the internet was supposed to make this whole process more democratic and open, since comment threads and websites could publish far more opinions than the printed pages of old. the wisdom of the crowd, in all its diversity, would enhance that of the traditional gatekeepers.



[翻译]有不合是正常合理的。艺术家可以安适地与谈论家打开争论。互联网理应让这整个争论进程更为民主翻开，因为谈论区及网站可以宣告比旧时打印页面多得多的观念。集体才智，凭仗其多样性，将会前进传统守门人（注：修改、出书商等）的才智。



[点评]作者观念二：互联网可扩展争论优点。



首要逻辑联接：期间全体以disagreement is...the internet was supposed to make this whole process...集合网络年代争论。首二句healthy、free点明争论正常合理，第三、四句进一步阐释互联网对此争论进程的影响：三个比照表达more democratic and open, far more opinions, enhance that of the traditional gatekeepers杰出互联网对传统争论优点的扩展作用。



中心要害词：more democratic and open



?v? ? ??this partly worked. it is much easier to access a range of views than it used to be. lively arguments about talked-about shows can quickly spread. but social media also provides a platform for performers to reveal their thin skins, or for armies of fans to descend upon anyone who dares to dislike a favoured star or film. justin bieber’s outburst this week, after he was criticised on a talk show for lip synching in an appearance at the coachella festival, suggested an alarming degree of sensitivity.



[翻译]?这已有些收效。与曩昔比较，获取不一样观念如今更为简略。关于抢手节意图火热争论可以灵敏传达。可是，交际媒体也为扮演者们供给了一个“展示其易怒性”的平台，或许说供给大批粉丝“进犯任何一个敢说不喜爱他们所爱明星或影片的人”的平台。在某一脱口秀节目批判贾斯汀·比伯在科切拉音乐节上假唱之后，他本周的迸发所闪现出的活络程度令人担忧。



[点评]互联网对争论的晦气影响：为艺术家供给展示其“易怒性”的平台。



首要逻辑联接：首句代词this回指上段“互联网对争论的推进作用”，引出对此优点的进一步阐释。第二、三句easier, quickly具体阐明该优点。第四、五句but...also引发转机，提示互联网对争论进程的不良影响：thin skins、sensitivity表清楚星/艺术家对谈论定见的过火活络，即交际媒体为此种“易怒性”供给了展示平台。



中心要害词：thin skins/sensitivity



vi? ? the malevolent critic, motivated by envy of creativity, is a tired trope kept alive for the benefit of the artists it flatters. true, reviewers can be gratuitously mean. criticism is the exercise of judgment, and this applies to what is said but also how and to whom; as a rule, novices should be treated more gently. yet performers and others who resent harsh words should be careful what they wish for. critics are part of the proof that culture matters.



[翻译]?“谈论家是凶狠的，其动力是对创造力的吃醋”，但这只是一个为了阿谀艺术家、维护其利益而被保存下来的陈词滥调。的确，谈论家们可以会毫无缘由地尖刻。谈论意味着判别力的运用，这不只关于谈论内容，也关于谈论方法以及谈论目标；一般情况下，对菜鸟更应温文以待。可是，扮演者及其他愤恨尖利言语的我们大约警醒自个想要的是啥。谈论家是“文明非常重要”的根据的一有些。



[点评]总结全文：谈论家尖刻并非歹意，他们是文明重要性的有力证明。



首要逻辑联接：前三句以近义复现（the malevolent critic, reviewers can be gratuitously mean, criticism）环绕谈论家的尖刻打开，指出这只是其专业所需和个性选择，并无歹意。第四、五句以yet转机，驳斥艺术家对谈论家的不当情绪，并必定谈论家的重要文明价值。



中心要害词：culture matters

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