【英一】2010年考研英语阅读真题及解析【第二篇】 - 哔哩哔哩

passage2注解:标题为红色，翻译为蓝色，分析为绿色。 ????????over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. amazon.com received one for its online payment system. merrill lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation?strategy(asset allocation?strategy分资产分配策略) . one inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.
????????now the nations top patent court appears completely ready to scale back(scale back规模衰减)?on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. in a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz(嗡嗡的,嘁嘁喳喳。指律师们议论纷纷。) the u.s. court of appeals for the federal circuit美国联邦巡回 said it would use a particular(特定的,格外的,特别的) case to conduct a broad review(复看，复习，检查，审查(本文取这个意思))?of business-method patents. in re bilski, as the case is known , is a very big deal(deal在商业中指交易或者协议，在问题中指处理，在法律中指法案，在案件中指案子。本文是指“case案例”中的deal案子。), says dennis d. crouch of the university of missouri school of law. it?has the potential to eliminate(剔除，根除) an entire(整个) class(这里不翻译成:类。翻译成:系列)?of patents.
????????curbs on(curb on在某上的控制,抑制) business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face(about-face(思想、态度、行为等)彻底改变。about有转变的意思。about+face就是变脸。脸色都变了，肯定就是思想、态度、行为等彻底改变了), because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called(这个前面文章多次出现了，意为)?state street bank case, approving(approve赞成) a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund(池共同基金) assets. that ruling(rule在法律中指“裁决”) produced an explosion(这里不翻译成:爆炸。翻译成:浪潮。指的是爆炸式的激增)?in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies(emerging company新兴公司。多篇文章多次出现。)?trying to stake out(stake股本，股份/stake out垄断)? exclusive(这个虽然是exclude“排除”变过来的，但是形容词意思变了，exclusive独家的，独有的。)?rights to specific types of online transactions. later, move established companies raced to(race to相互竞技得去做) add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch(一拳,一击,力量). in 2005, ibm noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. similarly, some wall street investment films armed the

mselves with(arm?with用..武装) patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice【尽管他们对这些法案持反对态度】.
????????the bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging(防备(尤指金钱损失)) risk in the energy market. the federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court its state street bank ruling.
????????the federal circuits action comes in the wake of(in the wake of紧随其后)?a series of recent decisions by the supreme court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. last april, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld(支持) for reacting to(reacting to对...做出反应) the anti-patent trend at the supreme court, says harold c. wegner, a patent attorney and professor at george washington university law school.

一、文章结构分析本文是一篇关于法律案例的时文。主要内容涉及美国联邦巡回法院对营业方法专利的态度转变。
第一段:指出在过去的 10 年，大量的营业方式专利获得批准，本段主要起到引出话题的作用。
第二段:指出目前国家最高专利法庭准备对该专利权进行限制，本段中提出了本文论述的中心话题。
第三段:起到铺垫及背景交代的作用，介绍了对营业方式专利权进行限制产生重大影响的原因:自联邦巡回法院批准商业方法以来引起了对营业方式专利申请的热潮。
第四段:以bilski case 为例，说明限制营业方式专利权带来的影响——可能改变美国的法律惯例。
第五段以法官的立场说明了法院对营业方法专利的态度转变的原因。

26. business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of .
[a] their limited value to business
[b] their connection with asset allocation
[c] the possible restriction on their granting
[d] the controversy over authorization
26．营业方法专利最近引起了关注是因为? 。
[a] 它们有限的商业价值
[b] 它们与资产分配的关系
[c] 它们的授权可能受到限制
[d] 对授权的争议

27. which of the following is true of the bilski case?
[a] its ruling complies with the court decisions.
[b] it involves a very big business transaction.
[c] it has been dismissed by the federal circuit.
[d] it may change the legal practices in the u.s..
27．关于 bilski 讼案下面哪个选项是正确的？
[a] 它的裁决遵循法庭的决议。
[b] 它涉及一项很大的营业交易。
[c] 它已经被联邦巡回法院驳回了。
[d] 它可能会改变美国的立法惯例。

28. the word “about-face” (line 1, para 3) most probably means .
[a] loss of good will
[b] increase of hostility
[c] change of attitude
[d] enhancement of dignity
28．三段一行的“about-face”最可能的意思是
[a] 失去善意
[b] 增加敌意
[c] 改变态度
[d] 增强尊严

29. we learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents.
[a] are immune to legal challenges
[b] are often unnecessarily issued
[c] lower the esteem for patent holders
[d] increase the incidence of risks
29．由最后两个自然段我们可以得知营业方式专利________.?
[a] 不受法律挑战的影响
[b] 经常是没必要地发布
[c] 降低了对专利持有者的尊重
[d] 增加了风险的几率

30. which of the following would be the subject of the text?
[a] a looming threat to business-method patents
[b] protection for business-method patent holders
[c] a legal case regarding business-method patents
[d] a prevailing trend against business-method patents
30．下面哪项是文章的主题？
[a] 营业方法受到隐约的威胁
[b] 对营业方法专利持有者的保护
[c] 一项关于营业方法的法律讼案
[d] 反营业方法的流行趋势

二、核心词汇与超纲词汇1.asset n. 资产，有用的东西
2.allocation n. 分配，配置
3.curb n. 抑制，路边；vt. 拘束；勒住
4.eliminate vt. 消除，排除
5.scale back 按比例缩减，相应缩减
6.stake out 垄断
7.in the wake of 尾随，紧跟，仿效

三、阅读答案:c d c b a四、全文翻译:? ????????在过去的10 年，数以千计的被称为营业方法的专利获得批准。amazon.com 因自己的“一键式”在线支付系统也获得了一项专利。merrill lynch 的资产分配策略得到了法律保护。一位发明家因其发明了举起箱子的技术而获得专利。
????????营业方法专利从十年前获得批准以来就一直受到了争议，如今，国家最高专利法庭似乎准备对该专利权进行规模缩减。在知识产权律师们对此举的喋喋热议中，美国联邦巡回上诉法院声称他将用一个特别的案例对营业方法进行广泛的审查。美国密苏里大学法学院的dennis d. crouch 说，正如人们所知道的bilski 案例就是一件大案子，它有可能取消整个系列的专利。
????????对营业方法的限制将会是一次巨大的转变，因为这项专利是联邦巡回法院在1998 年对所谓的美国道富银行案件做出裁决时推出的，该裁决批准了一项共同基金财产集资方法的专利。这一裁决引起了对经营方法专利申请的热潮，最初是新兴网络公司试图垄断对一些特别的网上交易方式的专有权。随后，越来越多的公司竞相申请自己的专利权，以此防范竞争对手“先下手为强”的举动。2005 年，ibm 在一项立案中指出，它已被授予了300 多项营业方式专利，尽管事实是它也质疑授予这些专利的合法性。同样地，一些华尔街投资公司也通过对一些金融产品申请专利来武装自己，尽管它们对这些法案持反对态度。
????????bilski 案例涉及了一项在能源市场风险保值专利的申请。联邦巡回法院发布了一项不同寻常的命令，该命令声称这一案例将由12 名法院法官集体听审，而不是由三人组成的典型陪审团听审，并且他们想评估一下联邦巡回法院是否该重新审查他们对美国道富银行的判决。
????????最高法庭最近发布了一系列对专利持有者的保护范围进行限制和缩小的判决，紧随其后，联邦巡回法院做出了以上判决。比如，去年四月法官们就传递出太多的专利被授予了那些明显的发明。专利律师兼乔治·华盛顿大学法学院教授harole c.wegner 说，联邦巡回法院的法官正在对最高法院的反专利趋势做出反应。