2015研讨生入学共同考试试题(英语一)<有些>

2015考研总算告一期间，不管成果如何，心里的大石头总算落下了，这儿先恭喜我们坚持到了初试的最终关头！信赖 酬勤，付出总会有酬谢的！以下是考研英语（一）的真题，有快乐喜爱的同学可以再做一下哦~　　section ⅱ reading comprehension　　part a　　text 1　　king juan carlos of spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep. but embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. so, dies the spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? does that mean the uniting is on the wall for all european royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyles?　　the spanish case previous arguments both for and against monarchy when public opinion is particularly. polarized, as it was following the end of the france regime, monarchs can rise above “mere” politics and “embody” a spirit of national unity.　　it is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity as heads of states. and so, the middle east expected, europe is the most monarch-infested region is the world, with 10 kingdoms not counting vatican city and andorra. but unlike their absolutist counterparts in the gulf and asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respect public figure.　　even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside, symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today-embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. at a time when thomes piketty and other ecumenists are warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states. the most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. prince and princess have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not horses (or helicopters). even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.　　while europe’s monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to strive for some time to come, it is the british royals who have most to fear from the spanish example.　　it is only the queen who has preserved the monarchy reputation with her rather ordinary (if well-healed) granny style. the danger will come with charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. he has failed to understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service—as non-controversial and non-political heads of state. charles ought to know that as english history shows, it is kings of republicans, who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.　　21、according to the first two paragraphs, king juan carl of span　　[a] used to enjoy high public support　　[b] was unpopular among european royals　　[c] ended his reign in embarrassment　　[d] eased his relationship with his rivals　　22、monarchs are kept as head of state in europe mostly　　[a] owing to their undoubted and respectable status　　[b] to achieve a balance between tradition and reality　　[c] to give voters more public figures to look up to　　[d] due to their everlasting political embodiment　　23. which of the following is shown to be odd, according to paragraph 4?　　[a] aristocrats’ excessive reliance on inherited wealth.　　[b] the simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families.　　[c] the role of the nobility in modern democracies.　　[d] the nobility’s adherence to their privileges.　　24. the british royals “have most to fear” because charles　　[a] takes a tough line on political issues.　　[b] fails to change his lifestyle as advised.　　[c] takes republicans as his potential allies.　　[d] fails to adapt himself to his future role.　　25. which of the following is the best title of the text?　　[a] carlos, glory and disgrace combined　　[b] carlos, a lesson for all european monarchs　　[c] charles, slow to react to the coming threats　　[d] charles, anxious to succeed to the throne　　text 2　　just how much does the constitution protect your digital data? the supreme court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.　　california has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. it is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.　　the court would be recklessly modest if it followed california’s advice. enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.　　they should start by discarding california’s lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone-- a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspect’s purse .the court has ruled that police don't violate the fourth amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. but exploring one’s smartphone is more like entering his or her home. a smartphone may contain an arrestee’s reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. the development of “cloud computing,” meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.　　but the justices should not swallow california’s argument whole. new, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the constitution’s protections. orin kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: the justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domain of the passenger car then; they must sort out how the fourth amendment applies to digital information now.　　26. the supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to　　[a] search for suspects’ mobile phones without a warrant.　　[b] check suspects’

phone contents without being authorized.　　[c] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.　　[d] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.　　27. the author’s attitude toward california’s argument is one of　　[a] tolerance.　　[b] indifference.　　[c] disapproval.　　[d] cautiousness.　　28. the author believes that exploring one’s phone content is comparable to　　[a] getting into one’s residence.　　[b] handing one’s historical records.　　[c] scanning one’s correspondences.　　[d] going through one’s wallet.　　29. in paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concern that　　[a] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.　　[b] the court is giving police less room for action.　　[c] phones are used to store sensitive information.　　[d] citizens’ privacy is not effective protected.　　30.orin kerr’s comparison is quoted to indicate that　　(a)the constitution should be implemented flexibly.　　(b)new technology requires reinterpretation of the constitution.　　(c)california’s argument violates principles of the constitution.　　(d)principles of the constitution should never be altered.　　text 3　　the journal science is adding an extra round of statistical checks to its peer-review process, editor-in-chief marcia mcnutt announced today. the policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.　　“readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,” writes mcnutt in an editorial. working with the american statistical association, the journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing editors (sbore). manu will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the journal’s internal editors, or by its existing board of reviewing editors or by outside peer reviewers. the sbore panel will then find external statisticians to review these manuscripts.　　asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, mcnutt said: “the creation of the ‘statistics board’was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”　　giovanni parmigiani, a biostatistician at the harvard school of public health, a member of the sbore group, says he expects the board to “play primarily an advisory role.” he agreed to join because he “found the foresight behind the establishment of the sbore to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. this impact will not only be through the publications in science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after science.”　　31. it can be learned from paragraph i that　　[a] science intends to simplify its peer-review process.　　[b]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.　　[c]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.　　[d]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.　　32. the phrase ‘flagged up” (para.2)is the closest in meaning to　　[a]found.　　[b]revised.　　[c]marked　　[d]stored　　33. giovanni parmigiani believes that the establishment of the sbore may　　[a]pose a threat to all its peers　　[b]meet with strong opposition　　[c]increase science’s circulation.　　[d]set an example for other journals　　34. david vaux holds that what science is doing now　　a. adds to researchers’ workload.　　b. diminishes the role of reviewers.　　c. has room for further improvement.　　d. is to fail in the foreseeable future.　　35. which of the following is the best title of the text?　　a. science joins push to screen statistics in papers　　b. professional statisticians deserve more respectc. data analysis finds its way onto editors’ desk2016北大考研专业课 考研群：434261978更多晓得考研信息请征询海研教育林教师：q53098020 tel:010-58876673