这才是考研英语阅读的核心秘诀01(考研英语阅卷怎么阅)

这一套弄下来比较匆忙，肯定会有不少单词拼写错误，所以大家看这个文章要学的是方法。题目大家手里都有，对比着看就行了。
由于关键部分都有颜色标记，所以强烈建议下载本文文档查看，下载链接在文末给出。复制链接到浏览器去下载就ok了。
这套资料内容非常多，不可能一次发完，所以500收藏3天内更新下一期
部分单词可能会有小错误，但应该不会影响阅读，还请谅解。
核心要点
在阅读理解题中，每年都有一些题的四个选项的句式结构相同或相近，比如都是“x and/or/but y＂结构，或者都是比较结构，或者都是现在分词短语结构，或者都是be+adj”结构，或者都是一个名词/名词短语，等等。对于此类题，有一个非常有效的做题方法，方法如下：
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第一步，根据题干（或选项）关键词找出该题在文章中定位到的段落或句子。
第二步，①若是定位到段落，在该段中寻找这样的句子，就是句中的某句子成分与四个选项的句式结构相同或相近，那么，该句子成分表述的内容就是答案，在四个选项中找出该句子成分的同义替换即可。有时，这样的句子不止一个，那么这样的句子成分也会不止一个，届时，可以把它们与四个选项分别进行比较，看哪个句子成分是某一选项的同义替換。是同义替換者就是答案。②若是定位到句子，就在句中直接找出与四个选项的句式结构相同或相近的句子成分，然后在选项中找出它的同义替换。
注意:若只有三个选项甚至两个选项的句式结构相同或相近，有时也可套用此办法。具体请看下面的真题示例。
真题示例
选项句式结构＃1: x and/or/but y
例1:2008年text1第23题(英语一)
according to paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be
[a] domestic and temporary(家庭的、临时的)
[b] irregular and violent(不规律的、暴力的)
[c] durable and frequent(持久的、经常的)
[d] trivial and random(琐碎的、随机的)
[解]四个选项的句式结构都是: x and y。该题没有明确的定位信息,只能定位到段落上,即第4段,该段内容如下:
dr. yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. i think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. the kinds of interpersonal violence thatwomen are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. the wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating
在该段中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的 “chronic or repeated(长期的、反复的)相近,它与选项c是同义替換,所以正确答案是c
题眼:并列的多个形容词或副词是题眼。所以可优先锁定找答案。
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例2:2003年text2第47题(英语一)
misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is
[a] cruel but natural(残忍的,但是正常的)
[b] inhuman and unacceptable(不人道的,不可接受的)
[c] inevitable but vicious(不可避免的,但是邪恶的)
[d] pointless and wasteful(没有意义的,浪费的)
[解]四个选项的句式结构都是: x and/but y。根据题干,该题可直接定位到下面的标注下划线的句子上(题干seem”)。该句所在段落(第3段)内容如下
scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way-in human terms, not in the language of molecular biologywe need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmothers hip replacement, a fathers bypass operation, a babys vaccinations, andeven a pets shots. to those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animalresearch seems wasteful at bes

t and cruel at worst
在定位的句子中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的,与选项b在态度语气上最一致,是同义替換,所以正确答案是b。
题眼#1:并列的多个形容词或副词是题眼。所以可优先锁定 wasteful at best and cruel at worst找答案
题眼#2:带有前缀un的否定词( unaware,见绿色字体)是题眼,优先锁定该词(若是形容词或副词,往往是答案选项的同义替換)或其所在句子(即标注下划线字体)找答案
题眼#3:表述对立的内容(类似于转折)是题眼。有两处表述对立,第一处是破折号后内容 in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology”,第二处是红色字体。可优先锁定这两处找答案。
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例3:2012年tex3第31题(英语一)
according to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its
[a] uncertainty and complexity(不确定性和复杂性)
[b] misconception and deceptiveness(误解和欺骗
[c] logicality and objectivity(符合逻辑和中立客观)
[d] systematicness and regularity(系统性和规律性
[解析]四个选项的句式结构都是: x and y。该题没有明确的定位信息,只能定位到段落上,即第1段,该段内容如下:
in the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientificmethod to carry out their work. but in the ever da practice of science discove frequent follows an ambiguous and complicated route. we aim to be objective,but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience. prior knowledge and interest influence what we eperience, what we think our experiences meanand the subsequent actions we take opportunities for misinterpretation, error, and self-deception abound
在该段中,很容易找出,有三处字体(见红色字体)是 ambiguous and complicated(模糊的和复杂的)”与选项a是同义替換,所以正确答案是a。
题眼#1:转折结构(but,见绿色字体)是题眼。第一个but的否定,所以c是错误选项。
题眼#2:并列的多个形容词或副词是题眼。所以可优先锁定第二处字体找答案
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例4:2011年tex3第31题(英语二)
the postwar american housing style largely reflected the americans
[a]prosperity and growth(繁荣和发展)
[b] i efficiency and practicality(效率和实用)
[c] restraint and confidence(自制和信心)
[d] pride and faithfulness(骄傲和忠诚)
[解析]四个选项的句式结构都是: x and y。根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),该题可直接定位到下面的标注下划线的句子上。其所在段落(第2段)内容如下
but when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. during the depression and the war, americans had
learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future made small, efficient housing positively stylish
在定位的句子中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的 x and y相近,它与选项c是同义替換,所以正确答案是c。
题眼#1:并列结构( in combination with)是题眼。在本题中,并列结构(见红色字体)正是选项c的同义替换。
题眼#2:转折结构(but,见绿色字体)是题眼。but,所以c是正确答案。
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例5:2015年text3第35题(英语二)
which of the following statements is true about office speak?
[a] managers admire it but avoid it(经理们喜欢但避免使用它)
[b] linguists believe it to be nonsense(语言学家们认为其毫无意义)
[c] companies find it to be fundamental(企业发现它是必不可少的)
[d] regular people mock it but accept it(普通人嘲笑它但却接受它)
[解]有ad两个选项的句式结构都是: x but y,可尝试套用此秘诀做题。该题没有明确的定位信息,只能定位到段落上,根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),可定位到第5段(即最后一段),该段内容如下。
but this seems to be the irony of office speak: everone makes fun of it but managers love it. companies depend on it. and reqular people willing absorb it. as a inguis once said, you can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it. in a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work-and how your work defines who you are
在该段中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的句子与选项句式结构,所以正确答案是d
题眼#1:转折结构(but,见绿色字体)是题眼。冒号后的内容正是选项d的同义替换。
题眼#2:冒号是题眼,其前后往往隐含着答案线索
题眼#3:引语(即作者或其他人说的话,或引用其他资料中的表述。见绿色字体)是题眼。可优先锁定引号中的内容找答案。此处,引语中 it,所以正确答案是d。
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选项句式结构#2:比较结构
例1:2009年text3第33题(英语一)
a major difference between the japanese and u.s workforces is that
[a] the japanese workforce is better disciplined
[b] the japanese workforce is more productive
[c] the u.s workforce has a better education
[d] the u. s workforce is more organize
[解析]四个选项的句式结构都是:比较结构。该题没有明确的定位信息,只能定位到段落上,根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),可定位到第2段,该段内容如下:
ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recessing and japan at its pre-bubble peak, the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor u.s. economic performance japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda, nissan, and toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their japanese counterparts-a result of the training that u.s. workers received on the job.
在该段中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的“95 percent of the productivity of their japanese counterparts表述比较,它与选项b是同义替换,所以正确答案是b
题眼#1:破折号前后是题眼。
题眼#2:转折结构(yet,见绿色字体是题眼。优先锁定yer引导的句子找答案。
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例2:2017年text1第23题(英语一)
the word(liner 3, para. 5)is closest in meaning to
[a] quieter(更安静)
[b] cheaper(更便宜)
[c] wider更宽敞
[d] faster(更快捷)
[解析]四个选项的句式结构都是:比较结构。根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),该题定位到第5段,该段内容如下:
there is one step the tsa could take that would not require remodeling airports or rushing to hire: enroll more people in the precheck program. precheck is supposed to be a win-win for travelers and the tsa. passengers who pass a background check are eligible to use expedited screening lanes. this allows the tsa to focus on travelers who are higher risk, saving time for everyone involved. the tsa wants to enroll 25 million people in pre check.
在该段中,有三处字体(见红色字体)表述比较,分别是“ more people in the precheck programfocus on travelers who are higher risk和saving time(注意:“ saving time意思是节约时间,说明用时比以前少,在句意上有比较之意),将其与四个选项—比较。
(1)从前缀“preenroll more people in the precheck program与选项d表述最一致,正确答案是d
(2)“节约时间恰恰说明“更快捷”,所以“saving time与选项d是同义替换,正确答案是d
题眼:冒号是题眼,其前后往往隐含着答案线索
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例3:2011年text1第23题(英语二)
according to the researchers from ohio university after an outside directors surprise departure, the firm is likely to
[a] become more stable
[b] report increased earnings
[c] do less well in the stock market
[d] perform worse in lawsuits
[解析]有acd三个选项的句式结构都是:比较结构。根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),该题定位到第3段,该段内容如下:
the researchers from ohio university used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. the most likely reason for departing board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those “surprise”appearances by directors under the age of 70. they found that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. the likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. the effect tended to be larger for larger firms. although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. often they leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.
在该段中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的两个句子都表述比较。分别拿这两个句子与四个选项——比较,发现,第一个句子“ the stock is likely to perform worse正是选项c的同义替换,所以正确答案是c
题眼:转折结构(although)引导的句子中的“subsequent bad performance at the firm正是选项c的同义替换。
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例4:2016年text4第39题(英语二)
both young and old agree that
[a] good-paying jobs are less available(高薪的工作更难找了)
[b] the old made more life achievements老年人有更多的人生成就)
[c] housing loans today are easy to obtain(现今很容易获得房贷)
[d] getting established is harder for the young(对年轻人来说立足更困难)
[解析]有abd三个选项的句式结构都是:比较结构。根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),该题可直接定位到下面的标注下划线的句子上。其所在段落(第5段)内容如下:
young and old converge on one key point overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. while younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those face a tougher climb than earlier generations in reaching such signpost achievements as securing a good- paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.
在定位的句子中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的“it is harder for young people today to get started in ife than it was for earlier generations(现在年轻人的人生起步要比前几代人更难)”表述比较,它与选项d是同义替换,所以正确答案是d。
题眼#1:引语(即作者或其他人说的话,或引用其他资料中的表述。见绿色字体)是题眼。可优先锁定引语(“said”后的内容)找答案。
题眼#2:冒号是题眼,其前后往往隐含着答案线索。
题眼#3:转折结构(whilewhile引导的句子中转折部分里的“those than earlier generations”(见蓝色字体)正是选项d的同义替换。
题眼#4:观点句 believe,见粉色字体)是题眼
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例5:2015年text3第31题(英语二)
according to nancy koehn, office language has become
[a] more emotional(更有情感)
[b] more objective(更客观
[c] less energetic(更没激情)
[d] less strategic(更少策略)
[解析]四个选项的句式结构都是:比较结构。根据题干关键词(见蓝色字体),该题可直接定位到下面的标注下划线的句子上。其所在段落(第1段)内容如下:
even in traditional offices, t talk about passion.
在定位的句子中,很容易找出,标注红色字体的much more emotionalmuch more right-brained
题眼:转折结构(but,见绿色字体)是题眼。题干问的是现在,而“but引导的内容说的是过去,所以对其取反,则强调“energypassion,正是a的同义替换。

阅读01.docx:?
https://u18045473.ctfile.com/fs/18045473-316692675